A-Z of computing: I is for Italy

– and its attitude towards open source. We wrote yesterday of Italy’s recent law paving the way for open source in public administrations, following similar rulings having been made in several Italian regions. Further discoveries included the open source competence centre, a joint venture between three universities and an engineering centre, and now we read that Umbria is promoting open source in schools.

Crucially the investment of 100,000 Euros from the European Social Fund includes training teachers and education managers in the use of open source, as well as students. Maria prodie, Umbria’s very enlightened Councillor for Education, had this to say:

Just like ideas, software permeates the social system and has ethical, economical and political consequences. It affects the culture in which the next generation is educated.

The UK government could learn a huge amount from this attitude, especially with the reform of ICT teaching such a current topic. The money saving element cannot be ignored either and is just as relevant to the UK as to Italy:

Provincial leader and political leader of the Civic Greens, Oliviero Dottorini, said the Open Source law should free up valuable economic resources in public administrations, schools and enterprise. “These currently spend a significant amount of money to buy or renew software licences.”

Italy is clearly ahead of the pack with its adoption of open source: as early as October 2009 35% of public administrations were already using open source. This attitude sums it all up and is to be emulated, referring to the adoption of a law in the autonomous Trentino region promoting the use of FOSS:

The law is intended to promote pluralism in information technology and “the elimination of every barrier created by the use of non-open source standards, in the service of the principles of economy, efficiency and effectiveness.”

Italy making way for open source

An article on H-online reports that the Italian parliament has passed a law making open source software a very attractive option for public administrations. The article states:

from 12 August, public administrations looking for a new software solution must either use an application which they have already developed in-house, develop their own new program, use open source software, or any combination of these.

ICT attorney Simone Aliprandi notes that in future Italian agencies will be able to buy proprietary software only as an exception:

…if a technical and economic analysis demonstrates that neither software developed in-house nor an open source solution can meet the agency’s requirements at a lower price.

Several Italian regions including Piedmont, Apulia and Trentino have already passed similar laws. And look at this:

Italian government to create open source competence centre

Italian Linux Society

A-Z of computing: H is for http

HTTP: you see it every day, but do you know what it means? It stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Wikipedia terms it “the foundation of data communication” for the web. It’s that, and impossible to illustrate.

Essentially, the protocol allows the various network elements between a client and a server to communicate with each other. Tim Berners-Lee (he of the WWW) and his team invented the original HTTP.

That’s probably enough for now, but if you’d like to know more here’s the Wikipedia entry.